ELIZA absolutely did not ever pass anything resembling a real Turing test. A real Turing test is adversarial, the interrogator knows the testees are trying to fool him.
Landauer and Bellman, absolutely put ELIZA to an adversarial Turing test, and called it such, in 1999. [0]
But... Over in 2025, ELIZA was once again, put to the Turing test in adversarial conditions. [1] And still had people think it was a real person, over 27% of the time. Over a quarter of the testees, thought the thing was a human.
The "ELIZA Effect" wasn't coined because everyone understands that an AI isn't conscious.
Unfortunately I'm not sure the Turing test posited a minimal level of intelligence for the human testers. As we have found with LLMs, humans are rather easy to fool.
But... Over in 2025, ELIZA was once again, put to the Turing test in adversarial conditions. [1] And still had people think it was a real person, over 27% of the time. Over a quarter of the testees, thought the thing was a human.
The "ELIZA Effect" wasn't coined because everyone understands that an AI isn't conscious.
[0] https://books.google.com.au/books?id=jTgMIhy6YZMC&pg=PA174
[1] https://arxiv.org/html/2503.23674v1