[shakna]

Landauer and Bellman, absolutely put ELIZA to an adversarial Turing test, and called it such, in 1999. [0]

But... Over in 2025, ELIZA was once again, put to the Turing test in adversarial conditions. [1] And still had people think it was a real person, over 27% of the time. Over a quarter of the testees, thought the thing was a human.

The "ELIZA Effect" wasn't coined because everyone understands that an AI isn't conscious.

[0] https://books.google.com.au/books?id=jTgMIhy6YZMC&pg=PA174

[1] https://arxiv.org/html/2503.23674v1