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by throw0101a 120 days ago
So how small are individual components (e.g., transistors) nowadays? Presumably there's a lower limit: once you're a few atoms across, it seems that you can't go any smaller (?).
4 comments

Gates are about 30-50 nm wide, even though they're called '3nm' for marketing reasons.
Metal pitch is 26nm. That means parallel wires can be placed 2 wavelengths apart with 13.5nm light.
As The Register used to call it, these clean-sounding process nodes (15nm, 5nm, 3nm etc) are "marchitecture." Marketing architecture. Reality is much messier.
Like free range chicken.
You only need to live in reasonable place for that phrase to have a proper meaning, across whole market from cheapest to most expensive.
What is 'proper meaning'? Only a single brand of egg in my supermarket is genuinely free range per the definition supplied by our agricultural scientists (CSIRO, Australia) - less than 1500 hens per hectare. "Free range" can mean anything up to 10,000 hens per hectare.
https://beterleven.dierenbescherming.nl/

They have a code in my country that is pretty simple from 1 to 3. The highest tier is 11 chickens per square meter apparently (I do not eat poultry myself).

This is about increasing output per machine via upgrades.
I still think we should have gone with average gates per square mm as a new yardstick. It would also make sense to the Numbers Go Up people.
It’s going to be quite funny if they can go below 40nm in gate pitch size, because they’ll need to call it 0nm.
They are moving to angstroms, hence 18A for example.
Another marketing gag could be -1nm
some gates are only 10-14 nm wide, thats about 50 silicon atoms!