[tene80i]

Not sure why you're being downvoted – this is a perfectly interesting fact.

Presumably the words "chit" and "pat" don't literally mean "heads" and "tails", though, even if they correspond to those sides? If not, what do they mean?

[rahilsheikh]

"chit" is derived from "chitra" which means "picture". It translates to face side. "pat" has the same origins as "sapaat" which means "flat"/"plane". So it IS the heads/tails analogue for Hindi and Urdu.