Your JVM does. jruby.jar is megabytes of reimplementation and mapping of the Ruby stdlib onto the JVM. Plus in this example, loading a Ruby parser and interpreter.
Here's executing an assembly (über-jar) I wrote in Scala:
→ time scripts/couch
Please provide a basePath and a valid command. ("backup", "restore", "truncate", "migrate" or "migrate-all")
real 0m0.375s
user 0m0.415s
sys 0m0.073s
That's basically just `java -jar couch-utils.jar`.
A few hundred ms on my 1.2GHz MacBook. And this includes a bunch of Akka Actors.
Yeah, and memory is infinite, and all disks are free, and the computing fairies make all the processors super fast.
But back in the real world, startup time is a valid concern.
If your services consistently restart quickly, it gives you the freedom to design things differently.
E.g. doing a rolling update across a large number of instances by restarting a service at a time can become a quick enough process to be viable in instances where you'd otherwise need lots of excess capacity to be able to cycle larger proportions of instances at the same time. Making full rolling updates "cheaper" both in time and resources also translates to making rapid updates a safer choice (e.g. if I can roll back a broken release in 5 minutes, it's far safer to push out a new release than if a rollback takes hours).
That just means you expect restarting to be slow and have excluded it from your system design.
There is no problem with restarting nginx to update its config once a second, and it's even encouraged that you do so. Besides, crash-only software recovery is really the only morally sound development technique.
40ms sounds okay for me, even for most command line tools. Oh and I most probably don't get a segmentation fault ;-)