[chton]

The best practices are going to be somewhat language-dependent. In general, the least confusing style is the one that is already used widely in the application you're writing.

If it's up to me to decide a naming system (I mostly do C# professionally), my boolean-returning methods will be in the form of a tiny question that has a yes or no answer:

    IsEntityPersisted()
    WasActionPerformed()
    IsFooOfTypeBar()

etc.

For variables, local values and method parameters, the names will be similar, but in the form of a true or false statement. The equivalent would then be:

    entityIsPersisted
    actionWasPerformed
    fooIsOfTypeBar

The important thing in both cases is to name the boolean for what it means, why you'd set it to true or false, not for how you intend to use it. Compare:

    if(logicFlag)
    { 
     //do something
    }

vs

    if(actionWasPerformed) 
    { 
     //do something
    }

Clarity in a naming schemes is all about making it clear what something means in the context. I know that sounds like a tautology, but there is a difference between "what something means" and "what something does in the application". If you manage to make the meaning clear, the reasons for what it does will become clearer too. The reverse is rarely the case.

[ABNWZ]

Thank you for this succinct explanation. Very clear!

[chton]

My pleasure. One thing I forgot to mention is that I try to never use negatives in boolean names, both for methods and variables. The moment you start with "IsNotXXX" or "HasNoXXX", you're creating a new way to potentially confuse future readers. If you can, always try to find a positive way of expressing the same, it'll usually be less ambiguous. If it really is necessary to express a negative, perhaps because the reverse is too broad or hard to formulate, it's usually better to invert the meaning of the boolean entirely. So instead of

    if(IsNotFoo) {}

you can do

   if(!IsFoo) {}

It's a simple thing, but it can save you valuable time and brainspace at some point in the future.