I don't think that right. He's saying you can expend 10 grams of nitroglycerine, but the 10 grams isn't enough to get the 10 grams up into the orbit how can it possible carry more.
Because the 10 grams don't enter orbit. They're expended and stay on Earth. You'll still need more than the 10 grams because you will be lifting the some portion of the 10 grams up into the atmosphere because you can't use or get the energy in an instant. The explosion and propulsion happens over a period of time.