[toyg]

> what is wrong with countries competing with VAT rates?

it's a race to the bottom that destroys tax revenues. It benefits small "pirate" countries to the disadvantage of large ones that are actually responsible for creating the large markets where real profits are generated. Tax-rate competition has always existed, but globalisation and technology now make it too easy to exploit it in a way that only benefits big business and screws entire populations.

> pan-EU VAT rate for digital goods only might be a better approach

Pan-EU rates for most things would be a better approach. VAT is just the most egregious example. If we have a single market, we should have a real level playing field, including things like taxation, workers rights and environmental standards. We're getting there in a number of areas, but it's hard to make progress on tax because of political implications (and because of pressure from businesses who benefit from the current state of affairs).