[e12e]

> The only things OTP guards against in a physical access scenario are hardware keyloggers and shoulder-surfing, neither of which were part of this attack.

Well, yes. But in the case of bsd/Linux, if your user is in the sudo group/file -- requiring OTP on privilege escalation would help. While in many common configurations, when sudo is set to prompt for a password, it'll also cache that for a certain period.

If* you could make window UAC ask for an OTP (or password) rather than just accept a click on OK, it would also help in this scenario. Note that OTP for every UAC prompt would probably be quite annoying even in windows 8 -- but possibly more manageable than typing in a (secure) password.