[vram22]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_programming

Stepwise refinement: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top-down_and_bottom-up_design

Both were written about by Niklaus Wirth, (co-)inventor of Pascal, Modula, Oberon, etc.:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niklaus_Wirth

From the above page:

http://sunnyday.mit.edu/16.355/wirth-refinement.html

Not a panacea, but useful, and can be used together with other techniques like OOP / OOAD.