[hga]

There are generally 4 economic players at minimum:

  Network service like Netflix.
  Their ISP, like L3.
  Consumer's ISP, like Comcast (also a Netflix competitor).
  Consumer.

The end points are paying money to the ISPs in the middle.

[mlinksva]

There's also content providers, content owners, or other ugly term. They aren't participating in network traffic, but deeply shape structure and demands of at least network services and consumers above, consumer ISP in some cases.