How easy is this to use without AngularJS? Additionally, if not, does anyone know of any alternative JS (or perhaps Python) libraries for what Satellizer does?
Satellizer is tightly coupled with Angular so I don't think there is much sense in using it without Angular. You can certaintly take server-side examples and re-implement satellizer.js in pure JavaScript but that is going to be a lot of work! The closest non-Angular alternative that I know of would be Torii (https://github.com/Vestorly/torii/)