[smackfu]

"We compute a mask for the object pixels, and use this mask to inpaint the background using the PatchMatch algorithm [Barnes et al. 2009]"

PaintMatch algorithm: http://gfx.cs.princeton.edu/pubs/Barnes_2009_PAR/index.php

[bhouston]

Yes, that is the one that Photoshop has adopted and renamed " Content Aware Fill"! Details: http://www.adobe.com/technology/projects/patchmatch.html