Sure, but these are mostly just arbitrary caps. xfs performance at 50TB is supposed to be better than ext4 at 50TB. I don't know what xfs actually does over ext4, but I do know a little bit about ext4; on-disk it looks very similar to the ancient Unix FFS. xfs may use more scalable on-disk structures.
Looks like XFS supports concurrency better (both on the request side, and on the kernel<->backing store side).
Back in the day, we used xfs instead of ext3 so that when something happened and there was a bad shutdown, our samba servers weren't stuck in fsck for an hour (or a day).
Looks like XFS supports concurrency better (both on the request side, and on the kernel<->backing store side).