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by joverholt 4403 days ago
"f4" creates a hole on "e4" in your pawn structure. This hole becomes a valuable outpost where your opponent can position a knight (or other piece) without it being harassed by one of your pawns. This means to get rid of it, you need to trade a piece for it, and when your opponent recaptures, it will give them a passed pawn.

"Nf3" protects your d4 pawn and also threatens the e5 square. Probably most importantly, it clears a piece so you can castle kingside.