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by oyvindeh 4399 days ago
There seems to be a growing interest in this field, but there is a lot we don't know yet.

Human feces hasn't been an area with much prestige (and money to be made), so few used to care about it. But, if I remember correctly, the growing interest has partly been caused by geneticists who were initially studying the genome of e.g. humans, but who switched target as the original work was done much quicker than anybody though was possible.

From what I know about the research so far, it seems like our bacterial flora, especially in the gut, is tightly connected to quite a few diseases. However, for many of them, it is still unclear what is cause and effect: Does the altered flora cause the disease, or does the disease cause the altered flora? External factors like stress is known to alter gut flora. On the other hand, bacteria in your gut may affect your mood and personality. Figuring out what is what is tricky, and I suppose there can be feedback loops here as well.

There is much more research to be done. You should be careful with experimenting, as there is risk involved: You may get bacteria that you don't want, and you don't know what the changed flora will do to you. An acquaintance of mine is a researcher in this field, and he does not recommend taking probiotics for e.g. IBS, as he think we still know too little about what types of bacteria to take, dosage, and potential negative long term effects. "Good" strains can do bad things in some contexts, and interaction/symbiosis between different strains (and us) may complicate things. That being said, afaik, probiotics is generally thought to be safe (although I am not sure all manufacturers are trustworthy).

Personally, I think this field has the potential to really change the way we think about health, disease, and medicine. Another field, which I think is related, is diet and fasting: food, and lack of food, alters our gut flora too.

2 comments

"...the growing interest has partly been caused by genealogist who were initially studying the genome of e.g. humans..."

Do you mean geneticist rather than genealogist?

Indeed, I do. I've corrected the text. (I blame too little coffee, and I've corrected that as well.)
I agree. We have only started to explore the interaction between our microbes and our health and I am sure there will be some amazing discovery made over the next few years.

An example of this is the report by Borody that three Parkinson's patients who had C. difficile infections treated using faecal transplant. The transplants cured the C difficile infection, but he noticed that their Parkinson's symptoms were significantly reduced. Changing the bacterial in the guts somehow had an effect on neurotransmitters in the brain.

Also, it's fairly well known by this point that there's an altered microbiome in Autism. Would be fascinating to see a transplant study done if the risk is so low.