[pbhjpbhj]

I honestly don't know what memes you're referring too (nor the books) but outlier and tipping point have basic meanings without interpretation: tipping point is a cusp or specifically the point at which the force vector originating at the centre-of-gravity passes outside the foot of a body causing it to tip over. Outliers are statistical anomalies or unexpected results that are usually ignored as if they are insignificant.

Black swans on the other hand are birds with a particular pigment.

Now what are the additional layers of meaning, we see black swans referring to apparently unlikely events that nevertheless will occur (that's possibly not the definition given by this guy), but what about the super-definitions for the others?