In practice types often winnow the possible implementations to be a relatively small set. This effect is improved if you also include notions of law-abiding implementations as Haskellers often do. At the end of the day, it's true that implementations (don't yet) write themselves, but, more realistically, that the constraints of type and theory drive you naturally to the correct solutions even if you never once figure out the "operational" aspect.
I don't think anyone believes that types are sufficient outside, at least outside of a dependently typed language (at which point you'll have more diversity of opinion).
That occurs quite often.