You're right - looking on the http://docopt.org/ page it's not immediately obvious how it works.
The general idea is that you don't specify any code, you just give the help message as text. Docopt parses that to figure out all the options etc and convert those into the parameters coming in to your system.
It's a really clever idea. You specify the human interface, docopt converts that into the code version (so long as you adhere to a few common conventions). I haven't seen a cleaner system anywhere.
If you need to parse something as simple as `foo --option spam --option eggs` remembering both spam and eggs, docopt breaks down. You are also unable to compose an interface using docopt, if you want to allow plugins in a plugin system to add their own options for example.
docopt is much simpler because it's only capable of creating very trivial interfaces. That's perfectly fine if that's all what you want to do but it also makes docopt unusable, if that's not the case.
I haven't pushed it too far so I'm sure there are other cases where you'd need to create a different command line api to have it work (that may or may not be an issue depending on your use case).
Regarding the other criticism, seems valid. In the docopt api can you have it do the parsing for you so you can edit the rules afterwards before you run them?
I've used docopt for some tools, but argtools (and click it seems) is much more convenient, imo.
It's very easy to remember the 1-2 decorators and probably most importantly, the command arguments and everything else are where the command is defined, not somewhere else.
When using docopt i spent much more time defining the docstring and figuring out the right way to write it, especially more complex scenarios.
I love docopt. My big draw is that I write the documentation only once - in the doc string where it should be. Click looks great, but there is no documentation in the code itself. You need to run the code to print the documentation.
I could use it for simple cases within 15 seconds of reading. Docopt not so much.