I learned this the hard way when using gpg+mutt back in 2001. All my Sent mail was being encrypted only with the recipient's key, so I couldn't read it myself. There's an option to also encrypt outgoing email with your own GPG key.
No. The symmetric key that is used to encrypt the message is itself encrypted once for every recipient with their respective public keys, so the only difference is filesize (for most intents and purposes negligable). Of course, more recipients equals more targets for an attacker.
> Of course, more recipients equals more targets for an attacker.
This is especially significant if the recipients have different sized public keys. If you send a message to a 2048-bit key and a 1024-bit key, the message only has 1024 bits of security. So you really do get a weakest link effect.
gpg -e -r recipient1@example.com -r recipient2@example.com
That products some ciphertext which can be decrypted by either recipient.