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by lotharbot 4453 days ago
> "you restrict your domain when you divide by a variable expression"

Why is this a problem?

Whenever you perform an operation that has a restricted domain, you restrict your domain. This may result in an actual "not defined at x=1" result, or simply "the value at x=1 is found through an alternative method" result.

> "0/0 is only undefined when it persists after simplification"

When you're working in the context of limits, it wasn't an actual 0/0 to begin with; it was near-0/near-0, which is perfectly OK to simplify. The limit defines a function that already has a restricted domain -- h->0 means h is not actually zero. The expression naively evaluating to 0/0 simply tells you that you need to do more work to properly evaluate it -- 0/0 is not the actual result.

Note that using the limit to find the derivative gives you a function that you'd like to be continuous in x, but the divide-by-zero is in h. Consider f(x)=x^2. The derivative is

lim h->0 [(x+h)^2 - x^2 ] /h

lim h->0 [ x^2 + 2xh + h^2 - x^2 ] /h

lim h->0 [ 2xh + h^2 ] / h

lim h->0 [2x + h] * h/h

since h does NOT equal zero, we can treat h/h=1, and the limit trivially collapses to 2x. Note that we never had the variable x in the denominator of our fraction; we never placed a restriction on x or suggested anything about a discontinuity relative to x. We only restricted h, which was already restricted by the limit itself.