[nandemo]

Some processors return a numeric risk score, or a ternary result (OK,Review,Denied). Then the merchant might choose to review the transaction if the risk score is above a certain threshold (or the result is Review), then cancel or capture it accordingly.

For example, merchant's staff calls the shopper. This adds some cost, but for some merchants it might save money overall since chargebacks can be very costly (even if the merchant manages to challenge and win).