[dagheti]

Anti-pattern one was critiquing using values in table definitions, the second was using attributes in table definitions. These are not the same thing. There isn't a similarity between values and attributes in the relational model, which is the whole point of avoiding key-value strategies which are confusing an attribute with a value.

A big part of why the modelling of data that you don't know the shape of in advance in a relational database is hard is because reasoning about data you don't know in advance is hard, and the model exposes that difficulty up front.

(Also, if like has its wildcard at the end of a string not the beginning, indexes can help you as they can look into the sorted trees.)