If by "syntax compatibility" he means code that compiles in one version does not compile is another, that's definitely true. Name collisions with the new default methods in Java 8 are one source. If your Comparator-implementing class has a method "void reverseOrder()", that will no longer compile.
Here's a couple of recent examples the Guava authors have fixed. Fortunately they were in internals and not their public API, so users won't care.
What is meant by "breaking backward compatibility" is when the grammar is altered in a way that makes existing sources no longer compile.