I think you're confused about the difference between a basic income and a guaranteed minimum income. What you are describing is the latter, but what we are advocating is the former.
I just tried to explain that even guaranteed minimum income can discourage people from working. Basic income will have even more severe counter productive effects.
I don't see AT ALL why it would not.
No, it's the opposite. That's the main difference between the two, actually. Listen to Milton Friedman: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3ZcF1YjZNs (he explains all this within the first 5 minutes).