I hope you write it! I also imagine an encyclopedia of many different algorithm examples, each with demonstrations and graphical explanations. Bret Victor has talked about that sort of thing, and it greatly intrigues me.
I'm not sure what Bret Victor had in mind, but the second part of Skiena's text The Algorithm Design Manual already does a good job at this. Similar write ups are available online [0], in less detail than the text, e.g. [1]. They all open with a pictorial representation of possible input and corresponding output to aid in scanning when you have a problem to solve. There is also the Encyclopedia of Algorithms [2], and the NIST Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures [3], history of at [4].
[0] http://www.cs.sunysb.edu/~algorith/
[1] http://www.cs.sunysb.edu/~algorith/files/dictionaries.shtml
[2] https://www.springer.com/computer/theoretical+computer+scien...
[3] http://xlinux.nist.gov/dads/
[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_Algorithms_and_D...