[betterunix]

You need a society for a government to make any sense. One person defending their property is neither a society nor a government.

Until you have the minimum viable population for our species (i.e. the smallest group of humans that can avoid extinction) you cannot really have a society.

[foobarbazqux]

So Adam and Eve then?

[betterunix]

Actually it takes more than one man and one woman for humanity to avoid extinction with a reasonable degree of success:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_viable_population

Of course, that number depends on things like the environment (a favorable environment will mean a smaller number) and the genetics of the "first" generation. I seriously doubt that the number could be as small as two for any species even under the most ideal circumstances.

[baddox]

So there was never only a single human in existence?

[photojosh]

Correct. There was a population of animals that at some stage started to approximate what we would call human.

[baddox]

Yes. Basically, the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_problem.