[markeganfuller]

This is a very strange way of 'faking' a read-only file and after testing Python, it handles real read-only files fine

  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  0 Jun 10 17:28 test
  python hello.py > test 
  bash: test: Permission denied
  echo $?
  1

[talex5]

The "Permission Denied" message you see here is from your shell, not Python.

But note the test isn't about whether you can open the file successfully, but about detecting writes to an open file failing (e.g. because the disk becomes full during writing).

[markeganfuller]

His example focused on the program return code which in this case is correctly 1