[yahelc]

Doesn't appear to in JavaScript:

    "੧".match(/\d/); //null

(Incidentally, this may explain the finding from http://stackoverflow.com/a/16622773/172322, as to why adding the RegexOptions.ECMAScript flag in the C# code eliminates the performance gap)

[deskglass]

Nor in python:

print re.match(r'\d','੧')

None

[wulczer]

it does when using the re.U flag

  re.match(r'\d', u'੧', re.U)
  <_sre.SRE_Match at 0x3070ac0>

  sys.version
  2.7.3 (default, Mar  4 2013, 14:57:34) \n[GCC 4.7.2]

[tcas]

Also, when using Python 3.2 it seems to be the default behavior

  Python 3.2.3 (default, Oct 19 2012, 20:10:41) 
  [GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
  Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
  >>> import re
  >>> re.match(r'\d', '੧')
  <_sre.SRE_Match object at 0x7f188f6d4850>

[Falling3]

Yes, but not by default.