* Intel's iAPX "mainframe in a chip" project [1] was aimed at directly supporting HLL features,
* The Rekursiv chip project [2] was intended for an objected-oriented language,
* The Transputer was meant to support Occam [3]
and there have probably been others.
[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_iAPX_432
[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekursiv
[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transputer