[bashinator]

I think the bourne shell if..then..else..fi syntax is derived from Algol.

[dandrews]

According to the ALGOL 68 page at Wikipedia: "Steve Bourne, who was on the Algol 68 revision committee, took some of its ideas to his Bourne shell (and thereby, to descendant shells such as Bash) and to C (and thereby to descendants such as C++)."