[_ZeD_]

I don't get the last part...

in python a class is written as

    class InPython:
       def aMethod(self):
           pass

but... what I'm missing? I can't follow the reasoning...

regarding the C extensions... I didn't really needed to write one, but from http://docs.python.org/3/extending/extending.html#a-simple-e... I see

    static PyObject * 
    spam_system(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
    ...

so I assume also on C level the python objects are mapped on some structs in OO fashion...

I honestly have no idea on how is (or if it has some meaning) to extend python in rpython on pypy, but in this case I assume there are some objects involved :D

[estavaro]

Exactly. In Python you still pass "self" to the method. In Ruby and Dart it's not needed.

In Python I've seen Python users discourage the use of classes. I haven't seen the same distrust of classes in Ruby for instance. It's as though Python has unresolved OO issues. Python could take pride in being "multi-paradigm", whereas languages like Ruby and Dart could take pride in being more OO.

Regarding the C extensions of Ruby, I think the bottomline is that from int, to booleans, to null, to classes, everything is considered OO even in the C code. So common functions can be applied to them even from C, say like Polymorphism would in other languages. From the primitives on up everything is like a high level Ruby. As Python is more "multi-paradigm" perhaps some of its C extension features aren't as OO as Ruby's are.

Funny though that those C extensions that make Python and Ruby so popular end up making other implementations of those languages that target other runtimes incompatible as they don't have access to those C extensions. So even in that regard they are similar.

Say we can't find anywhere in Python where Objects don't exist. Then welcome on board of true OO. Now show OO some love and stop discouraging the using of classes. Maybe drop the "multi-paradigm" approach. I know though that like JavaScript, sometimes you have to live with the shortcomings of the programming language in its support of OO. So while JavaScript could be said to have Objects everywhere, and it truly does, writing classes in JavaScript is not a settled issue. That's why I like Dart instead:

  class A {
    var aList = ['a', 'aa'];
    get length => aList.length; 
  }
  
  class B {
    var aList = ['b', 'bb', 'bbb'];
    get length => aList.length; 
  }
  
  class C extends A {
    var aList = ['c', 'cc', 'ccc', 'cccc'];
  }
  
  printIt(o) {
    print("${o.aList}: ${o.length}");
  }
  
  void main() {
    printIt(new A());
    printIt(new B());
    printIt(new C());
  }

Result of running it:

  [a, aa]: 2
  [b, bb, bbb]: 3
  [c, cc, ccc, cccc]: 4

[Ingaz]

>>Say we can't find anywhere in Python where Objects don't exist.

You're correct - we can't find a place in Python where Objects don't exist. Python and Ruby are exactly same in this.

>>Then welcome on board of true OO. Now show OO some love and stop discouraging the using of classes.

What do you mean by true OO?

It does not matter if you "love" objects or not. You can't write in python without OO. Every python module is an object, defs and vars - members of object. (Even classes and other modules are members of module object).