[taejo]

Painting in such broad strokes, the German system also sounds like the ACA, but it's really not: the high level description really erases key differences.

In Germany there is nothing like bronze/silver/gold plans. All statutory health insurance covers what is required to be covered by regulations, with just a few bonus services, at the regulated tariff plus just a few percentage points of variation. So the 90% of people in Germany who have statutory health insurance [1] have essentially the same coverage. The tariff is a percentage of income (up to a cap), not a flat fee.

[1] not everyone is required to have statutory health insurance, for example employees above an income threshold and self-employed people