[gamerDude]

This is some work that I want to see in education. How do you validate if something is true or not.

A lot of times that will take physical tests. Or in the case of math/logic, tests to validate each line or validated sources of previously proved theorems

[RugnirViking]

You use the scientific method. Make a guess about how the system works, do experiments aimed to show that's not the case, adjust guess accordingly, and repeat

[jambalaya8]

This works only when the inputs and conditions are all the same. In the real world, that isn't really possible anymore for a lot of things, like data sciences operating within a large pulsating mass of live net.