Stamped = Data pits are a physical, unalterable thing on the disc.
CD-R = Pits are still physical, but they are on a die layer that can fade. Some discs are more resilient (blue, gold) than others (cyan).
CD-RW = Pits are (mostly) bistable for practical purposes, but will degrade to a neutral state on a long-term basis.
"Unalterable" is a matter of some debate... The physical pits and lands are on a super thin layer of aluminum. Ideally, this is protected with a laquer coating, but a lot of CD manufacturers in the 90s and 00s skimped on this to save money. I owned a lot of CDs where the coating didn't hold up over time and the aluminum just sort of flaked off, or became damaged/scratched easier than they should have with normal handling.
I remember reading about drives/players that wouldn't read CD-R, but I've never encountered one in the wild.
Anecdotally, every time I've tried: A burned CD that works well with one reader works with all others.
It was a hobby of mine at that time. I tried a lot of combinations: I was working at a local hifi shop where we had all kinds of stuff rolling through to play around with.