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> And Estonian patriots enthusiastically helped[0] German Nazis make Estonia the first judenfrei (free of Jews) country if you don't count Luxembourg.[1]
They famously didn't. The German occupation authorities' preferred method of dealing with Jews was to instigate pogroms, but they failed to do so in Estonia, and fearing the same pushback from civilians they had seen earlier in Latvia, instead fell back on using German paramilitary units like Sonderkommando 1a, attached to the Army Group North.Judenfrei Estonia is a shared credit between the USSR and Germany. USSR occupied Estonia 1940-1941 and disproportionally targeted Jews because of their social class (doctors, lawyers, etc). Germans finished the job when the German army arrived in 1941 and stayed until 1944. Of the 4500 pre-war Jews, about 1000 remained by German arrival. Their tragedy was that they had an opportunity to flee with retreating Russians, but did not use it, believing that Germans couldn't possibly treat them worse than Russians. > These patriots had to flee to the forests when the time came to answer for their part in Holocaust and other crimes.
No, people fled en masse to forests to spare themselves from being deported to Siberian labor camps. The first wave was in 1941: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_deportationThe second major wave was in 1949, about 70% of the targeted were women and children under 16: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Priboi Russians didn't care about the Holocaust one bit. Anti-semitism was rampant in the USSR and remained so until the very end in the early 1990s. The purpose of these actions was to destroy the professional classes who could run a country and organize resistance to Russians (1941), and to punish rural farmers who resisted giving up their land, animals and tools to collective farms (1949). It's notable that these actions targeted entire families. The mother of Kaja Kallas, the current EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs, was a six-month-old baby when their family was deported to Siberia. I wonder what her role in the Holocaust was. In the early 1960s, the USSR authorities held a war crimes trial of Estonians as Cold War propaganda to reinforce the Soviet narrative of "liberation", legitimize their occupation, discredit émigré movements and accuse Western governments of harboring fascists, but they could not find more than a literal handful of defendants. |