[leonidasrup]

Waste management has been solved problem.

"A number of mercury, cyanide and arsenic waste repositories are operating worldwide including Canada (Giant Mine) and Germany (potash mines in Herfa-Neurode and Zielitz). Radioactive waste storage sites are under construction with the Onkalo in Finland being the most advanced."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_geological_repository

"The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, or WIPP, in New Mexico, US, is a deep geological repository licensed to store transuranic radioactive waste for 10,000 years."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste_Isolation_Pilot_Plant

But for political reasons it's used only for military nuclear high level waste.

For Europe I don't see a reason why each country needs a nuclear waste repository. High level nuclear waste is very small and French nuclear waste from light water reactors is no different from Swiss nuclear waste or Swedish, German, Spanish. (U.K. Magnox fuel rods are different and have special storage requirements). Single waste repository in Finland, Sweden or Norway would be enough, they have lot of old granite and very stable geology.

[lukan]

"For Europe I don't see a reason why each country needs a nuclear waste repository."

Because apparently no country wants to be the dumpster for the radioactive waste of the others?

I wonder why that is, when it is a solved problem.

[tempest_]

I don't think people appreciate how much power comes from such a small amount of waste. The largest plant near me has been operating for > 50 years and the waste is still kept on site though I believe they are working on another solution.

[wahnfrieden]

Because it’s not a solved problem and people saying so are repeating propaganda

[Saline9515]

In many cases disposing of it isn't really a good idea as we can reuse the fuel in the future.

[herewulf]

Thus spake the fossil fuel lobby.

[Moldoteck]

please spare us from this nonsense. Waste can be stored in facilities like Onkalo just like we do for many others type of waste, for example in Herfa Neurode

[LtdJorge]

Most plants don't need anything special for waste management. They just put it in dry cask storage and leave those in the outside.

Ironically, there's less background radiation around the casks than away from them, since they are so shielded you also get shielded from part of the background radiation too.

[gambiting]

In Netherlands there is a nuclear energy museum where you can literally walk around spent fuel casks.

[leonidasrup]

It not like everyone can walk in and out as he wants. But a tour can be arranged in advance. This are controled facilities.

https://prinsfrank.nl/2022/09/12/Visiting-the-only-nuclear-w...

[frollogaston]

Every time someone mentions a year where nuclear started being "safe," I find an incident after that year where radioactive or otherwise toxic materials were leaked into the surrounding environment, plus plenty of near misses. Broader than waste though.

Maybe focus on how the likely alternatives are worse. The world isn't going to run completely on renewables, and coal puts surefire poison AND radioactive isotopes into the air.

[roenxi]

> find an incident after that year where radioactive or otherwise toxic materials were leaked into the surrounding environment

That is what safe looks like, nobody said perfect. It's like how cars are death traps but people can still reasonably call them "safe". You could do the same thing for solar panels but for the fact it isn't newsworthy if there is some toxic sludge in some dump somewhere is associated with solar panels.

There might not be any material that we produce on an industrial scale that doesn't leak hazardous or toxic chemicals. I looked up concrete [0] to find out what it's problem was, and it turns out concrete leaks toxic and radioactive materials into the environment because turns out natural rock is sometimes radioactive. Concrete is nonetheless pretty safe stuff.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_concre...

[frollogaston]

They're not really comparable because one is a slow and certain leak, the other is all or nothing. Different people are taking on the risk in each scenario too. Despite this, I'd be fine with a reactor next to my city if I got something like cheap power in return.

[roenxi]

> They're not really comparable because one is a slow and certain leak, the other is all or nothing.

Would "they" rather we just dumped the nuclear waste off in some corner somewhere? Then it'd be a slow and certain leak too. If they want slow and certain rather than probably-nothing then that can be arranged. It'd still be less damaging than business as usual.

I mean, I get that people are scared but they are scared of their own imaginations as opposed to anything that can be engineered. I still think I'd be much better off having lived through a Class 7 nuclear disaster rather than my actual experience of spending years near a coal mine. Policy made for and by people who just live in fear for no obvious reason is never going to work. They're still going to be scared whatever the actual policy is and the rest of us are going to be forced to do stupid things in the real world.

[frollogaston]

Most of the incidents are less about waste storage and more about accidental draining of something, usually contaminated water. Or like, San Onofre got its reactor installed backwards, which yeah does raise some questions that can only be answered with imagination.

[Saline9515]

While there are problems, I think that you should compare with alternative technologies to be fair. For instance, coal used in Germany and China actually releases more radioactive material than nuclear!

A great perk of nuclear waste s that it's so small compared to the power produced, it's way easier to dispose and manage, than, say, expired wind turbines (which aren't recycled currently and take a massive amount of space).

[dani__german]

If automotive was regulated like nuclear, then any car crash would result in all cars being sent to the scrap heap forever.

[frollogaston]

If nuclear were regulated like automotive, they'd let me run a reactor with minimal training at age 16, and the emissions inspector would be bribeable with $500. Well same with coal.

[nradov]

So what? Occasional leaks are no big deal. Very few people die.

[leonidasrup]

You would be surprised how much toxic industrial waste is been currently stored in deep geological repositories in Europe.

https://www.kpluss.com/en-us/our-business-products/waste-man...

For example Herfa-Neurode underground repository contains (as of 2025):

690,000 tons of waste containing dioxins and furans , 220,000 tons of waste containing mercury, 127,000 tons of waste containing cyanide, and 83,000 tons of toxic waste containing arsenic.

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Untertagedeponie_Herfa-Neurode

So nuclear waste is not a technical problem, mostly political problem.

And it's not very much talk about, but the real issue is geopolitics. Each nuclear trans-uranium waste repository (spend nuclear fuel) could in future be mined to retrieve the stored plutonium for nuclear weapons. And even better, over centuries the most radioactive short lived isotopes are transmuted into more stable isotopes, so the mining and handling of this material is much easier. And even even better over millennia, the undesirable isotope Plutonium-240 (with half-life 6561 year, much shorter then Plutionium-239 half-life 24110 years) will decay away and the reactor-grade Plutonium waste will itself transform, without any external action, into very usable weapon-grade Plutonium.

Therefor spend nuclear fuel and storage of spend nuclear fuel in non-weapon countries is subject to monitoring by the enhanced verification measures of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Additional Protocol.

https://scienceandglobalsecurity.org/archive/sgs07lyman.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_proliferation#Addition...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactor_grade_plutonium

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weapons-grade_plutonium

U.S. goes to great lengths to prevent other countries from acquiring material usable for nuclear weapons. Like, for example retrieving plutonium and highly enriched uranium from Semipalatinsk Test Site in Kazakhstan.

https://www.belfercenter.org/publication/plutonium-mountain-...

"The Megatons to Megawatts Program, also called the United States-Russia Highly Enriched Uranium Purchase Agreement, was an agreement between Russia and the United States whereby Russia converted 500 metric tons of "excess" weapons-grade uranium (enough for 20,000 warheads) into 15,000 metric tons of low enriched uranium, which was purchased by the US for use in its commercial nuclear power plants."

"The program was credited for being one of the most successful disarmament programs in history, but its low set price for nuclear fuel caused Western companies to not invest in uranium refining capacity, resulting by 2022 in Russia's government-owned Rosatom becoming the supplier of about 50% of the world's enriched uranium, and 25% of the nuclear fuel used in the US."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megatons_to_Megawatts_Program

[mpweiher]

No technology is 100% safe, so that is a straw man.

However, nuclear energy is the safest form of electricity generation we have.

[frollogaston]

"Solved problem" was what the parent comment said. Tell me instead that it's going to leak like everything else.

[Moldoteck]

how is solid material supposed to leak? Like take a look at Onkalo and explain to us what will happen, how and what impact will it have?

[mpweiher]

"Solved problem" does not imply it is 100% safe.

Because no technology is 100% safe.