[WalterBright]

Unfortunately, the American Indians did not have writing, and so the histories of the tribes is pretty murky.

For example, most of what is known about the Commanches comes from letters and diaries of white people who were in contact with them, or were enslaved by them.

See "Empire of the Summer Moon" by Gwynne.

https://www.amazon.com/Empire-Summer-Moon-Comanches-Powerful...

It's a fantastic account, and I'm amazed nobody has made an epic miniseries about it.

[AlotOfReading]

"Writing" is a tricky term. Indigenous groups in what's now the US had property records, laws, and symbolically represented stories that could be read by others. What they didn't have was a system of symbols that can fully encode human speech (and vice versa). The latter is the typical definition of "writing" and it's not required to have the former.

On an unrelated note, Gwynne's book is fine as a fantasy story, but it's very badly regarded from the perspective of narrative history. Hämäläinen's Comanche Empire is a much better book arguing a largely similar position. Don't take that as applying to later books by the same author, sadly.

[WalterBright]

I ordered the book, thank you!

As evidence of the paucity of historical knowledge of the Indian peoples, estimates of the pre-Columbian population vary from 10 million to 100 million.

I know about the various rock paintings with symbols, but there isn't enough of that to represent much of anything.