I don't understand how this isn't the default. I get multiple calls every week, sometimes many per day, from people saying I called them. This has been going on for years... (Portugal)
The telephone system design stretches back to the days when it operated purely electro mechanically so there wasn't even the data to know who the original caller much less a way to implement validation to ensure the call was actually from that number. That plus common carrier rules (at least present here in the US) required all the networks to connect every incoming call to prevent them from blocking out competitors. CallerID is a late addition patch on a system designed to remain compatible with the old exchanges and countries have only recently (in legal and bureaucratic terms) modifying laws to allow for blocking and screening.