No I think uv is to python what opam is to ocaml, it's mostly a package/dependency manager.
Superficially, both uv and dune are also project runners. But dune is mainly a build tool, most important things dune does such as pre-processing, linking, compiling etc., are not needed in python in the first place (at least talking about pure python). You can use uv to create tarball/wheel but it's more akin to simple bundling than building in the dune sense. Dune can also run tests, but in uv you would need to delegate to something like pytest etc.
Not yet - it's mostly a build tool, but package management abilities (which is otherwised covered by opam) is being added to it^1. It's currently usable for some projects (and worth trying out), but still in preview mode.
Superficially, both uv and dune are also project runners. But dune is mainly a build tool, most important things dune does such as pre-processing, linking, compiling etc., are not needed in python in the first place (at least talking about pure python). You can use uv to create tarball/wheel but it's more akin to simple bundling than building in the dune sense. Dune can also run tests, but in uv you would need to delegate to something like pytest etc.