Healthcare insurance markets are fundamentally broken due to information asymmetry. The situation is aggravated in the USA by vertical consolidation among providers and regulatory failures. (https://www.nber.org/papers/w34928)
It’s also a pretty inelastic good(most people don’t want to die or be sick ever) and decisions can be made without your consent if you are unconscious, sometimes even when you are conscious but it’s been decided that you aren’t competent at the moment.
1. way too many regulations and lobbies that prevent any relaxation by scaremongering
2. unions that artifically constrain labor supply. doctors lobby to keep number of doctors low and regulatory capture preventing forign doctors from entering workforce. Uk for example imports doctors from india.
both political parties have their own agenda to not disrupt above . democrats love regulation and unions. republicans love corporate profits from regulatory capture.
healthcare is exterme opposite of freemarket despite the veneer