>> I wonder if you can uncover where the data center is just by using ping command.
Not exactly, but you can uncover cloud providers like Google and Azure, who forget to tell you, their "availability zones" are in the same data center ;-)
The relative lack of trucks is what would identify the data center. The only other buildings like that are warehouses, which have a lot more trucks going in and out relatively speaking.
That's some of how geolocation works. Ping can't go faster than the speed of light, so that gives you a circle for where something is. Ping from enough places and you can get a good enough idea, if you're the Iranian Guard or otherwise.
It's much more effective to just go through satellite imagery and land title records.
https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=0.01+ms+at+speed+of+lig...