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by adrianN 52 days ago
Which combustion engines have good efficiency in real world scenarios? Diesel can do reasonably well under optimal conditions, but in real world driving it’s much less. A small car uses 5l/100km, so about 50kWh. An EV needs well under 20kWh.

Carnot also puts pretty harsh limits on future improvements in fuel efficiency in scenarios like ocean shipping where the engines can get close to their theoretical efficiency.