[jcalvinowens]

Thanks for sharing this.

Was the iommu using strict or lazy invalidation? I think lazy is the default but I'm not sure how long that's been true.

[eivanov89]

We compared IOMMU fully disabled vs enabled. When it is enabled, I expect it to be lazy (should be the default for IOMMU). Note, that we recommend to use passthrough to completely bypass translation for most devices independent on strict/lazy mode.