[szarnyasg]

That's a good point. I re-ran the benchmark on two instances:

- c8gd.4xlarge - this has a single 950 GB NVMe SSD.

- c5ad.4xlarge - this has 2 x 300 GB disks, which I put in a RAID 0 array. There are no c6ad.4xlarge instances, so this is the closes NVMe-enabled approximate to ClickBench's most popular choice, c6a.4xlarge.

I also added results from my local dev machine, a MacBook M1 Max with 64 GB RAM and 10 cores.

Here are the results:

  | machine        | cold_run_avg | cold_run_sum | hot_run_avg | hot_run_sum |
  | -------------- | -----------: | -----------: | ----------: | ----------: |
  | macbook m1 max |         0.48 |        20.68 |        0.43 |       18.60 |
  | macbook neo    |         1.39 |        59.73 |        1.26 |       54.27 |
  | c8gd.4xlarge   |         0.51 |        22.04 |        0.24 |       10.36 |
  | c5ad.4xlarge   |         1.29 |        54.14 |        0.55 |       22.91 |
  | c6a.4xlarge    |         3.37 |       145.08 |        1.11 |       47.86 |
  | c8g.metal-48xl |         3.95 |       169.67 |        0.10 |        4.35 |

On the cold run, the MacBook is on par with the c5ad.4xlarge. The c8gd.4xlarge is about ~2.5x faster on the cold run.

I know this is moving the goalpost, however, it's quite interesting that both of these cloud instances with instance-attached storage are still outperformed by the M1 Max (which is 4+ years old) on the cold run. And they would quite likely lose against the latest MacBook Pro with the M5 Pro/Max on both the cold and the hot runs. But that's an experiment for another day.