[raw_anon_1111]

Who is making money from selling tools and libraries and compilers? All of those are supported by BigCorp and given away for free.

And who needs an abstraction layer like a framework?

I’m not a web dev at all for instance and haven’t done web development in a decade. I was able to create a relatively feature filled internal web tool in less than a day using Codex-CLI. It didn’t use any frameworks just raw HTML.

[verdverm]

Frameworks or libraries are about reusing the common stuff. If you want to make any serious app, you are going to use one or reimplement one. They have their feature set for reasons (mostly).