[pjmlp]

1. Java nowadays has Panama

2. Java and C# can also generate native binaries, just like Go, no need for VM.

3. C++ nowadays has concepts, modules and compile time execution

This wasn't true in 2010, but D has let them catch up with missing features.

[thezipcreator]

what are you referring to regarding Java? I'm aware C# has AOT (and il2cpp for Unity projects) but I don't recall hearing about any sort of Java native binary that isn't just shipping a VM and java bytecode (ignoring the short-lived GNU java compiler).

[pjmlp]

Java has had AOT compilers since around 2000, they only happened to be commercial, Excelsior JET was the most famous one.

There were several vendors selling AOT compilers for embedded systems, nowadays they are concentrated into two vendors, PTC and Aicas.

Then you have the free beer compilers GraalVM and OpenJ9, which are basically the reason why companies like Excelsior JET ended up closing shop.

Also .NET has had many flavours, starting with NGEN, Mono AOT, Bartok, MDIL, .NET Native, and nowadays Native AOT.

Both ecosystems are similar to Lisp/Scheme nowadays, having a mix of JIT and AOT toolchains, each with its plus and minus, allowing the developers to pick and choose the best approach for their deployment scenario.