[evanelias]

Also check out ProxySQL [1][2], it's an extremely powerful and battle-tested proxy. Originally it was only for MySQL/MariaDB, where it is very widely used at scale, even despite MySQL already having excellent built-in scalable threaded connection management. But ProxySQL also added Postgres support too in 2024 and that has become a major focus.

[1] https://proxysql.com/

[2] https://github.com/sysown/proxysql

[darkwater]

+1 to ProxySQL, especially in RDS environments with huge monoliths attached that open a shitload of threads. RDS has fixed max_connections depending on the instance size so if you don't want to pay $$$$ for bigger but underused instances - and while you are trying to get the devs update all the hundreds old dependencies in the monolith to improve it, ProxySQL - can save your day. It did, for me. And yes, it's a self-managed system but it's pretty easy to operate and very stable.

[wreath]

You can change the max_connections in RDS though. The default is insanely high and I have no idea what it is that way. 4vCPU instances running with 5k max connections iirc, I have never seen an instance this size handle more than 100-200 concurrent connections on a CPU bound workload.

[darkwater]

There is still a max capped on the instance size [1] (well, RAM available) although now that I'm checking it again I swear it was different last time I read it. Anyway I did totally had issues with big replicated monoliths with their own connection pool (i.e. old Rails) maxing out connections on RDS.

[1] https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/CHAP_...

[sroussey]

And lets you rewrite queries on the fly. :)