[NickC25]

Or you just get another loan from another party to pay the initial loan back.

Bezos probably has an army of banks, private lenders, and private capital connections to effectively have a lifetime of loans against his Amazon shares.

It's a pyramid scheme, except the guy at the top actually has the money and collateral.

[frutiger]

These lenders will want some interest. The collateral is only useful if he defaults. If the collateral generates realized gains then those are taxed.