[ThePowerOfFuet]

eSIM profiles are not backed up, as the key never leaves the Secure Element. What might be backed up is a token allowing the reissuance of a replacement eSIM by the carrier.

[hollow-moe]

Can you prove it tho? Apple controls the whole hardware and software stack. They absolutely could store these keys in icloud backup.

[ThePowerOfFuet]

Would be awfully obvious to have a subscriber to whom you issued an eSIM profile to an eUICC with the Removable flag set to False later accessing your network with a different IMEI...